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BONDAGE

In the Sanatana Dharmic (eternal order and eternal righteousness) tradition, the concept of bondage has been widely noted and discussed by seers, sages, practitioners, and the scriptures as well. It is an important philosophical and spiritual theme in this tradition. Karma (duty or activity) is the law that governs it, and it emerges from its association with " samsara " (birth and death) or " maya " (illusion). It is no doubt a fundamental aspect of the broader concepts of Dharma (righteousness), Moksha (liberation), and the pursuit of Self-realisation and Consciousness of the Self. Bondage is a shackle that entangles a being in psycho-physical dimensions, subsuming it in a state of, what Swami Chidananda says, "earth consciousness." Bondage demeans the perceiver’s ability to perceive the ātman (inner spirit or inner self) and be conscious of the Self. It widens the gap with the concepts of self-realisation, consciousness, sannyāsa or renunciatio...

KAIVALYA

Kaivalya in the Sanatana Dharmic (eternal order and righteousness) tradition represents kevala , or solitude, or aloneness. It is the state of absolute liberation, or ultimate spiritual freedom. It is a state when the Yogi becomes conscious that "I have no connections. I am Kevala Purusha ," says Swami Sivananda . He affirms that kaivalya is Nirguna, Para Brahman , and Ananta consciousness, the Highest end of human life.  It refers to Self-realisation , or the realisation of the Self . Kaivalya refers to "absolute oneness, aloneness, perfect detachment, and freedom". Swami Sivananda affirms that Kaivalya (perfect independence) comes when the Gunas  ( tendencies, qualities, and attributes) , or modes of existence" devoid of motive, become latent. Or the power of consciousness gets established in its own nature. On the equality of purity between Purusha (Supreme Consciousness) and Sattva (mode of goodness) comes Kaivalya . It is used by Patañjali...

PRADHANA CONCEPT

The entire cosmic order is the manifestation of two energies of the Supreme Being: one is Jīva śhakti , or spiritual or superior energy, and the other is called material or inferior energy. The Srimad Bhagavad Gita  proclaims that material is My inferior energy. But beyond it, I have superior energy. This is the jīva śhakti (the soul energy), which comprises the embodied souls who are the basis of life in this world. apareyam itas tvanyāṁ prakṛitiṁ viddhi me parām jīva-bhūtāṁ mahā-bāho yayedaṁ dhāryate jagat The concept of Pradhāna (Sanskrit: प्रधान) in Sanātana Dharma (eternal order or eternal righteousness) is associated with the material energy. It is not commonly used in Vedic texts. It is primarily rela ted to the Samkhya or Sankhya school of thought, originating from Sage Kapila, who is credited with creating the Samkhya Sutra . Samkhya or in Sanskrit means ‘enumeration’ or ‘number’ adopts a consistent metaphysical dualism of the Prakriti (mater) and the Purush...

TITIKSHA (FORBEARANCE)

Titikshā ( forbearance, endurance, and patience) hold significant weight in the Sanatan Dharmic (eternal righteousness or eternal order) tradition. It is the perceiver’s ability to endure or tolerate any sense-based, unconducive environment of hardships, difficulties, or pain without ever being agitated. It also refers to the acts of restraint, patience, tolerance, acquiescence, composure, and steadiness in any extreme situation. Swami Krishnananda says titikshā, shraddha, and samadhana, along with other virtues of kshama, dhama, and uparati, are the power of endurance, faith, and the capacity to concentrate the mind, which form what are known as the satsampat, or the sixfold virtues. Titikshā needs to be practised, nurtured, and cultured to enhance the capacity to remain calm and composed, maintaining inner balance even when confronted with unfavourable circumstances or external stimuli. It often involves the deliberate choice to refrain from reacting or responding in a negative ...

DETACHMENT (VAIRAGYA)

Detachment, or Vairāgya, is discussed widely in the tradition of Sanatana Dharma (eternal order or righteousness). Vairāgya is an i mportant concept in this tradition. It signifies detachment at the levels of body, mind, and intellect as well. It refers to a state of being emotionally detached from worldly desires and attachments, leading to a sense of freedom and liberation. Accordingly, this involves letting go of the notion of "I" in the body-mind-intellect complex along with all attachments to material possessions, relationships, and ego-driven desires. Sri Krishna in the Srimad Bhagavad Gita says that the mind is indeed very difficult to restrain. But with practise and detachment, or v airāgya , it can be controlled. In the Sanatana Dharmic tradition, attachment is in the cycle of birth and death, but detachment is away from this cycle and into the realm of liberation, salvation, or elightenment. Detachment is closely associated with the concepts of self-realisat...

SCRIPTURES AS EVIDENCE

Scriptures are considered sacred texts with epistemic authority that hold significant importance for culture, society, traditions, and the ways of life of the people. These also serve as valuable sources of wisdom, guidance, and inspiration for people’s lives, denominations, and societal order and organisation. The Scriptures are revered for their teachings on duty, righteousness, and the nature of reality. It is a way to discover the inner self, or self-knowledge. It discovers a way for life processes to be based on righteousness, truthfulness, virtue, honesty, asceticism, forbearance, humility, purity, chastity, and a steady demeanour. In other ways , Swami Sivananda says, "Serve, love, give, purify, meditate, realise; be good, do good, be kind, be compassionate." It's a fact that in a democratic, constitutional, or legal and political realm, the primacy of law or the constitution takes precedence over the subsequence of all other scriptures. It's importan...